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Loading page content...A public-key scheme (1979) with a PROVEN security reduction to integer factoring, unlike RSA. Decryption produces four candidate square roots, illustrating why real deployments need plaintext redundancy to disambiguate.
Imported traces are validated and replayed locally. They never run a cipher operation automatically.
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An asymmetric cipher based on the difficulty of factoring large semiprimes. Supports key generation, encryption, and decryption.
The finite-field discrete-log ancestor of ECDSA (NIST FIPS 186, 1994) — same r/s signature equation, computed in a prime-order subgroup instead of on a curve. Demo uses toy parameters; real DSA needs p>=2048 bits, q>=224 bits.
A key exchange protocol enabling two parties to establish a shared secret over an insecure channel.
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